Xathrya Sabertooth

Building GCC AVR Toolchain for Slackware64

Posted: 09 Jul 2014 05:19 AM PDT

In this article we will about how to build GCC AVR Toolchain for ARM architecture. The built GCC can be used to compile application into ARM’s machine codes. The toolchain then reside on /usr/local path.

For this article, I use:

Slackware64 14.0
GCC 4.9.0
GDB 7.7
Binutils 2.24
AVR-libc 1.8
GMP 6.0.0
MPFR 3.1.2
MPC 1.0.2

Preparation

We will need some disk space (~2GB should be enough). We also need root access to install it on “system-wide”.

Slackware64 14.0 is optional. You can use any linux distribution you like.

We will create a working directory. We will refer it as $AVRGCC, so $AVRGCC/src should really be something like ~/AVRGCC/src (the ~ means your home directory). So go ahead and create following directory structure:

# set aliases  export AVRGCC=~/AVRGCC  export TARGET=avr  export PREFIX=/usr/local    export BINUTILS_BUILD=${AVRGCC}/build/binutils-build  export GCC_BUILD=${AVRGCC}/build/gcc-build  export GDB_BUILD=${AVRGCC}/build/gdb-build    export BINUTILS_SRC=${AVRGCC}/src/binutils-2.24  export GCC_SRC=${AVRGCC}/src/gcc-4.9.0  export GDB_SRC=${AVRGCC}/src/gdb-7.7  export AVRLIBC_SRC=${AVRGCC}/src/avr-libc-1.8.0    # make base dir, original archives dir (orig), source code dir (src),   # and working / building dir (build)   mkdir ${AVRGCC}{,/{orig,src,build}}    # Make build directory for each component  mkdir ${AVRGCC}/build/{binutils,gcc,gdb}-build

Acquiring the Materials

Download latest packages of GCC, GDB, binutils, and Newlib.You can download it using wget or alternatively download via browser and move it to $ARMGCC/orig. The version we will use is GCC 4.9.0, GDB 7.7, binutils 2.24, and newlib 2.1.0.

cd ${AVRGCC}/orig  wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gcc/gcc-4.9.0/gcc-4.9.0.tar.bz2  wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gdb/gdb-7.7.tar.bz2  wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.24.tar.bz2  wget ftp://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/NonGNU//avr-libc/avr-libc-1.8.0.tar.bz2    wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gmp/gmp-6.0.0a.tar.xz  wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.0.2.tar.gz  wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-3.1.2.tar.gz

Then, extract them to src directory.

cd ${AVRGCC}/src    tar -jxf ${AVRGCC}/orig/gcc-4.9.0.tar.bz2  tar -jxf ${AVRGCC}/orig/gdb-7.7.tar.bz2  tar -jxf ${AVRGCC}/orig/binutils-2.24.tar.bz2  tar -jxf ${AVRGCC}/orig/avr-libc-1.8.0.tar.bz2

Next we need to download some prerequisites, especially GMP (GNU Multiple Precision), MPC (Multiple-Precision Complex), and MPFR (Multiple-Precision Floating Point Reliably) which is used for computation. The prerequisites can be downloaded by invoking following command:

The MPFR, GMP, and MPC is not the latest version, but at least we can build GCC. Supposing your working directory at /home/xathrya/AVRGCC, to obtain MPDR, GMP, and MPC invoke following command:

cd ${GCC_SRC}  ./contrib/download_prerequisites

However, the version of GMP, MPC, MPFR, PPL, CLOOG, and ISL is not the latest version. We can switch to the latest version by download the latest version and create symbolic link to it.

cd ${GCC_SRC}    rm {gmp,mpc,mpfr}    tar -Jxf ${AVRGCC}/orig/gmp-6.0.0a.tar.xz  tar -zxf ${AVRGCC}/orig/mpc-1.0.2.tar.gz  tar -zxf ${AVRGCC}/orig/mpfr-3.1.2.tar.gz    ln -s gmp-6.0.0 gmp  ln -s mpc-1.0.2 mpc  ln -s mpfr-3.1.2 mpfr

Building the Toolchains

Building stage is pretty simple. Honestly speaking, the tricky part is about how GCC and built concept and ordering them in correct order.

Binutils

First, built binutils. This will provide lots of useful tools in building ARM libraries and binaries (like objdump, ld, ranlib, etc). Invoke following commands:

cd ${BINUTILS_BUILD}  ${BINUTILS_SRC}/configure --target=${TARGET} --prefix=${PREFIX} \      --enable-interwork --enable-multilib --enable-shared   make configure-host  make -j4 all  make install

You will notice a few configure options that are really critical for getting things to work properly.

–target=avr Says we want a compiler to generate binaries for the avr platform.
–enable-interwork This allows for assembling Thumb and ARM code mixed into the same binaries (for those chips that support that)
–enable-multilib Multilib allows the use of libraries that are compiled multiple times for different targets/build types
–enable-shared – enable the creation of the shared libraries.

GCC

Next we will build the GCC. But please note that we are only intereset on C and C++ so we will ignore other language. To built GCC, do this:

cd ${GCC_BUILD}  ${GCC_SRC}/configure --target=${TARGET} --prefix=${PREFIX} --enable-interwork \     --enable-multilib --enable-languages="c,c++" --with-dwarf2 --disable-libssp \     --enable-c99 --enable-long-long --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-shared  make -j4 all-gcc   make -j4 all-target-libgcc    make install-gcc install-target-libgcc

Now, the important points are:

–enable-languages=”c,c++” - means build C and C++ only.
–with-newlib – use Newlib instead of the standard C libraries.
–with-headers – this adds a header inlude path during build time and will allow the build to find the newlib header files
–enable-__cxa_atexit – allows use of __cxa_atexit, rather than atexit, to register C++ destructors for local statics and global objects and is essential for fully standards-compliant handling of destructors. It also affects the C++ ABI and therefore results in C++ shared libraries and C++ programs that are interoperable with other Linux distributions.
–enable-c99 – enable C99 support for C programs.
–enable-long-long – enables long long support in the compiler.

avr-libc

Now build our avr-libc

cd ${AVRLIBC_SRC}  ./configure --host=avr --build=`./config.guess` --prefix=${PREFIX}  make  make install

GDB

Optionally you can build GDB. To do so, invoke following:

cd ${GDB_BUILD}  ${GDB_SRC}/configure --target=${TARGET} --prefix=${PREFIX} \    --enable-interwork --enable-multilib  make -j4 all   make install

And that’s it. You should have them now.

Testing

The toolchain can be tested with the minimal code here:

int main()  {     return 0;  }

Proyek Teknologi

Kamis, 10 Juli 2014